RONALD REAGAN California Governor POLITICAL Pin BUTTON Pinback BADGE President

Description

POLITICAL BUTTON
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2-1/4" cello from California, "Reagan"
Some wear at curl
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Ronald Wilson Reagan
(
/
ˈ
r
ɒ
n
əl
d
ˈ
w
ɪ
l
s
ən
ˈ
r
eɪ
ɡ
ən
/
) (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an American politician and actor who served as the
40th President of the United States
from 1981 to 1989. Before his presidency, he was the 33rd
Governor of California
, from 1967 to 1975, after a career as a
Hollywood
actor and union leader.
Raised in a poor family in small towns of northern Illinois, Reagan graduated from
Eureka College
in 1932 and worked as a sports announcer on several regional radio stations. After moving to Hollywood in 1937, he became an actor and starred in a few major productions. Reagan was twice elected President of the
Screen Actors Guild
, the labor union for actors, where he worked to root out
Communist influence
. In the 1950s, he moved into television and was a motivational speaker at
General Electric
factories. Having been a lifelong
Democrat
, his views changed. He became a conservative and in 1962 switched to the
Republican Party
. In
1964
, Reagan's speech, "
A Time for Choosing
", in support of
Barry Goldwater
's foundering presidential campaign, earned him national attention as a new conservative spokesman. Building a network of supporters, he was
elected Governor of California
in 1966. As governor, Reagan raised taxes, turned a state budget deficit to a surplus, challenged the protesters at the
University of California
, ordered
National Guard
troops in during a period of
protest movements
in 1969, and was
re-elected in 1970
. He twice ran unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the U.S. presidency in
1968
and
1976
; four years later, he easily won the nomination outright, becoming the oldest elected U.S. president up to that time, defeating incumbent
Jimmy Carter
in
1980
.
Entering the presidency in
1981
, Reagan implemented sweeping new political and economic initiatives. His
supply-side economic
policies, dubbed "
Reaganomics
", advocated tax rate reduction to spur economic growth, control of the money supply to curb inflation, economic deregulation, and reduction in government spending. In his first term he survived an
assassination attempt
, spurred the
War on Drugs
, and fought public sector labor. Over his two terms, the economy saw a reduction of inflation from 12.5% to 4.4%, and an average annual growth of
real GDP
of 3.4; while Reagan did enact cuts in domestic discretionary spending, tax cuts and increased military spending contributed to increased federal outlays overall, even after adjustment for inflation. During his re-election bid, Reagan campaigned on the notion that it was "
Morning in America
", winning a
landslide in 1984
with the largest electoral college victory in American history. Foreign affairs dominated his second term, including ending of the
Cold War
, the
bombing of Libya
, and the
Iran–Contra affair
. Publicly describing the Soviet Union as an "
evil empire
", and during his famous speech at the
Brandenburg Gate
, President Reagan challenged Gorbachev to "
tear down this wall!
". He transitioned Cold War policy from
détente
to
rollback
, by escalating an
arms race
with the USSR while engaging in talks with Soviet
General Secretary
Mikhail Gorbachev
, which culminated in the
INF Treaty
, shrinking both countries' nuclear arsenals.
[1]
Reagan's presidency came during the decline of the Soviet Union and just ten months after the end of his term, the
Berlin Wall
fell, and on December 26, 1991, nearly three years after he left office, the
Soviet Union collapsed
.
Leaving office in 1989, Reagan held an approval rating of sixty-eight percent, matching those of
Franklin D. Roosevelt
, and later
Bill Clinton
, as the highest ratings for departing presidents in the modern era.
[2]
He was the first president since
Dwight D. Eisenhower
to serve two full terms, after a succession of five prior presidents failed to do so. While having planned an active post-presidency, in 1994 Reagan disclosed his diagnosis with
Alzheimer's disease
earlier that year, appearing publicly for the last time at the
funeral of Richard Nixon
; he
died ten years later
in 2004 at the age of 93. An icon among Republicans, he is viewed favorably in
historian rankings of U.S. presidents
, and his tenure constituted a
realignment
toward
conservative
policies in the U.S.
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